Sunday, August 12, 2012

Type 2 Diabetes, Genes, and Too Much Data

The number of genes now associated with Type 2 Diabetes has begun to explode. In a recent piece in Medical Press they state:

Ten more DNA regions linked to type 2 diabetes have been discovered by an international team of researchers, bringing the total to over 60....

Their findings are published in the journal Nature Genetics. 'The ten gene regions we have shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes are taking us nearer a biological understanding of the disease,' says principal investigator Professor Mark McCarthy of the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics at the University of Oxford. 'It is hard to come up with new drugs for diabetes without first having an understanding of which biological processes in the body to target. This work is taking us closer to that goal.'....

The researchers analysed DNA from almost 35,000 people with type 2 diabetes and approximately 115,000 people without, identifying 10 new gene regions where DNA changes could be reliably linked to risk of the disease. Two of these showed different effects in men and women, one linked to greater diabetes risk in men and the other in women....

With over 60 genes and gene regions now linked to type 2 diabetes, the researchers were able to find patterns in the types of genes implicated in the disease. Although each individual gene variant has only a small influence on people's overall risk of diabetes, the types of genes involved are giving new insight into the biology behind diabetes.Ten more DNA regions linked to type 2 diabetes have been discovered by an international team of researchers, bringing the total to over 60.

The problem of course is that this represents a correlation not a causation. There is no underlying model for the disease at the pathway level. The genes may very well have been affected as a result of the existing Type 2 Diabetes inflammation. That frankly is all too often the case and the cause for subsequent sequallae.

It will be essential to understand the pathway breakdown, and the underlying pathway dynamics, not simply finding more genes than less.

In my opinion one of the worst things is the ability to find all of these genes as if they mean something. One must recall that clinically so great a percentage of Type 2 patients are obese, and it is that one to one relationship which dominates. Unlike cancer, we all too often can "cure" Type 2 Diabetes and prevent the sequellae by reducing obesity. Get the BMI below 22.5 and it can become a success.

However the search for genes without causation and just correlation can in my opinion just muddy the water. It gets lots of papers but misses the issue.
Ten more DNA regions linked to type 2 diabetes have been discovered by an international team of researchers, bringing the total to over 60.

Read more at: http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-ten-diabetes-gene-links-picture.html#jCp
Ten more DNA regions linked to type 2 diabetes have been discovered by an international team of researchers, bringing the total to over 60.

Read more at: http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-ten-diabetes-gene-links-picture.html#jCp