in Urine as a Basis for New Diagnostic Pathways, Cancers, 2019, 11, 1244) the authors present some summaries of urine based markers for a variety of cancers.
Now markers can be the result, the driver, an intermediary of any collection thereof. Markers must however play some role in effecting the malignancy,
The levels of succinate, pyruvate, oxoglutarate, carnitine, phosphoenolpyruvate, trimethyllysine,
isovalerylcarnitine, octenoylcarnitine, acetyl-CoA, carnitine palmitoyltransferase and carnitine acylcarnitine translocaselike protein were found to be higher in BlC patients than controls The levels of melatonin, glutarylcarnitine, decanoylcarnitine and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase were found to be lower in BlC patients than controls
Were these findings a cause, a result, a coincidence? We believe that any reasonable marker must have a well defined role in the overall process, albeit not specific but identifiable.
Similarly they note for the prostate:
Sarcosine was significantly higher in urine sediments (AUC 71%) and supernatants (AUC 67%) of PrC patients; Uracil, Kynurenine, Glycerol- 3-phosphate, Leucine, Proline were elevated upon disease progression
Yet we again ask, what is the rest of the story?
We believe that there is a significant amount of work that can connect markers, the cancer process, and efficacy as an indicator.
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