In a recent MIT press release they discuss a carbon dioxide extraction technology which seems quite viable and cost effective. They note:
The device is essentially a large, specialized battery that absorbs
carbon dioxide from the air (or other gas stream) passing over its
electrodes as it is being charged up, and then releases the gas as it is
being discharged. In operation, the device would simply alternate
between charging and discharging, with fresh air or feed gas being blown
through the system during the charging cycle, and then the pure,
concentrated carbon dioxide being blown out during the discharging. As the battery charges, an electrochemical reaction takes place at
the surface of each of a stack of electrodes. These are coated with a
compound called polyanthraquinone, which is composited with carbon
nanotubes. The electrodes have a natural affinity for carbon dioxide and
readily react with its molecules in the airstream or feed gas, even
when it is present at very low concentrations. The reverse reaction
takes place when the battery is discharged — during which the device can
provide part of the power needed for the whole system — and in the
process ejects a stream of pure carbon dioxide. The whole system
operates at room temperature and normal air pressure.
Thus is CO2 is an issue the solution seems to be technical not taxation. Economists continually fail to understand human nature and the very economic system they allege to explain. Taxing CO2 is a highly regressive tax. Implementing such a system as the above make eminent sense.