Back in 1905 when Einstein published his three great papers, he was the sole author. You knew it was Einstein. Back when I started Grad school, we named methods for an author, who we knew was the inventor. It was easy to see who produced what when. I wrote a book, my name was in it, I wrote every page. I was not an Editor, I was an author.
Then along came the 1,000+ author papers. Nature has a great piece on this effort:
Authorship is the coin of scholarship — and some researchers are
minting a lot. We searched Scopus for authors who had published more
than 72 papers (the equivalent of one paper every 5 days) in any one
calendar year between 2000 and 2016, a figure that many would consider
implausibly prolific.
We found more than 9,000 individuals, and made every effort to count
only ‘full papers’ — articles, conference papers, substantive comments
and reviews — not editorials, letters to the editor and the like. We
hoped that this could be a useful exercise in understanding what
scientific authorship means.
We must be clear: we have no evidence
that these authors are doing anything inappropriate. Some scientists
who are members of large consortia could meet the criteria for
authorship on a very high volume of papers. Our findings suggest that
some fields or research teams have operationalized their own definitions
of what authorship means.The vast majority of hyperprolific
authors (7,888 author records, 86%) published in physics. In high-energy
and particle physics, projects are done by large international teams
that can have upwards of 1,000 members. All participants are listed as
authors as a mark of membership of the team, not for writing or revising
the papers. We therefore excluded authors in physics.
Yes, one paper every five days! But if that is say for 100 authors then one every 500 days! What is the truth? How does one ascribe credit? The coin of the realm in the Academy is your publications. If, however, "your publications" no longer has any meaning then what?
This has been a growing problem and there is no clear solution.